Incorporating e-Technology to Advantage in a Greener Taxi Industry and its Impact on Driving Performance and Safety

Abstract

New technologies, especially advances in telecommunications, have had profound impacts on everyday life and brought even greater changes to some business models. Taxis represent one of the major modes of transportation in urban areas but they face a number of problems, including their environmental impacts. The status of the taxi industry in Taiwan is revealed and analyzed in this study. A new business model for the extensive and popular use of smart phones is proposed. However, it is important to know whether their use is both effective and safe. Two field experiments were executed to examine the effects on taxi drivers of using a navigation system installed in a GPS PDA phone. The results revealed that the efficiency of drivers using such a portable navigation system was better than those relying on paper maps in unfamiliar urban areas. Furthermore, performance in terms of safety was also better than those who used an on-board navigation system. In summary, incorporating e-technology can promote a taxi company's competitiveness and a driver's performance and safety as well as offer environmental benefits.     

Smart River发展现状与思考

针对Smart River 2011会议,介绍了Smart River在内河电子航道图、RIS系统及其应用,以及其他有关Smart River的最新发展情况,同时介绍了我国长江电子航道图、信息服务,及其他内容的发展近况。通过对比分析,认为我国在下一步内河航运发展中,应全面统筹发展。在着力电子航道图的全面发展,加强内河航运信息服务的同时,大力发展公铁水联运。同时要注意保证船员适任性,灾难应急的处置。环境的保护、规划选址方法也应该得到充分的重视。     

长江中游相对湿度的气候变化特征及其对航运的影响分析

利用1965～2008年长江中游附近17个气象观测站点的相对湿度数据分析了长江中游相对湿度的气候变化特征.分析结果表明:长江中游年平均相对湿度在65％～85％之间,除个别站点外年平均相对湿度以及年高湿日天数均有减小的趋势;大部分站点6～8月份的相对湿度比其他月份要高,且与其他月份相对湿度的差值有增加趋势;高湿日天数在1/3以上,较西的站点7月份高湿日最多,较东的站点3月份高湿日最多;相对湿度与降雨量呈正相关,与蒸发量和日照时间呈负相关.相对湿度的这种变化对粮食、化肥等货物的运输是有利的.     

基于AT89S52单片机的智能小车设计与制作

文中以“挑战杯”全国大学生课外学术科技作品竞赛活动为背景,介绍了一种具有巡航控制、自动避障、距离检测等功能的智能小车。该车以两轮式玩具小车为载体,AT89S52单片机为控制核心,依靠直流伺服电机驱动,利用触觉开关实现障碍物探测,采用光敏电阻和红外线传感器进行导航及距离检测。事实证明,该小车运行稳定,智能化程度高。     

A case study related to the improvement of working and rest hours of oil tanker deck officers

Navigation safety on coastal waters is an extremely important issue. Fatigue is an important factor threatening navigation safety. Considering that the vessel type is an oil tanker, such a threat is not posed only to the crew but also to the environment. Most of the tankers navigating coastal waters are in the small tanker category. Therefore, this study examined the working and resting hours of the deck officers in the oil tankers navigating coastal waters. The study utilized the ISF Watchkeeper 3 program for assessing and interpreting the working periods. The study reached the conclusion that the first and second officers in particular are working under unsuitable conditions. To improve the working conditions of the deck officers, effects of additional cargo officer on board was investigated. This study is in quality of recommendation. The study elucidated that the cargo officer practice determines the working and resting hours of deck officers, in the work on the oil tankers, and compliance with the related conventions.     

内河船舶交通流建模与仿真研究

为了更精确地模拟内河船舶交通流的运行状态,根据内河船舶相互影响特性,将航道作为交通流中为船舶提供通航服务的主要资源,将船舶行为及相互之间的耦合关系模型化,在此基础上构建基于通航服务资源的内河船舶交通流模型.利用仿真软件进行仿真实验,结合长江干线某断面流量数据进行实例验证.实验结果表明,该模型能较好地模拟内河宏观交通流.     

北斗卫星导航系统在海警舰艇的综合应用

为解决海警舰艇长期使用全球定位系统(GPS)导航设备的隐患,在北斗二代导航系统正式提供区域性服务之际,从北斗卫星导航系统在海警舰艇的定位导航、测量舰艇运动要素、通信、校正磁罗经自差、船艇管控等方面的应用上着手,结合海警舰艇其他导航设备,综合分析北斗卫星导航系统的应用前景.以海警318A型巡逻艇为实例,证实北斗卫星导航系统在海警舰艇上普及推广的合理性.     

跨河桥梁通航净空尺度与航道等级升级改造的相互影响

结合湘江下游2 000吨级航道建设,分析现有跨河桥梁对航道等级提升的影响,提出对通航净空不够的桥梁,应根据现状船型分析碍航天数,并综合考虑桥梁改造难度确定处理方案,既保证通航安全,又兼顾航道升级的经济可行性,不能机械执行《内河通航标准》.     

基于交通波理论的混合水域通航效率研究*

为研究船舶在混合水域内船舶靠离泊作业对其航道通航效率的影响,以交通波理论为基础,结合船舶交通流特 性,建立了混合水域船舶交通流波动模型,进而解释船舶靠离泊作业时船舶交通流的集聚和消散过程,根据船舶交通量、 航速、船舶流密度和靠离泊作业时间,建立混合水域干扰影响范围与时间计算模型。以福姜沙南水道为例进行模型验证, 进行安全条件下的混合水域船舶通航效率量化研究。     

基于熵权-TOPSIS-灰色关联的航道宽度设计结果评价*

通过对国内外3种不同的航道宽度设计规范进行分析对比,从通航安全和效率的角度建立综合评价指标,旨在 对不同的航道宽度设计结果进行排序,为航道宽度的合理设计提供借鉴。建立熵权-TOPSIS-灰色关联度综合评价模型,采 用熵权法获取各指标的客观性权重,分别获取备选方案与正理想解和负理想解的正、负灰色关联度,综合得出各方案的灰 色关联相对贴近度,从而进行方案排序与优选。并假定评价环境,对3种不同的设计规范进行了实例分析与评价,从安全、 效益和综合水平上给出了各规范在假定环境下的设计效果排序情况。评价结果基本符合实际情况,可以对航道宽度设计规 范的进一步研究与发展提供一定的基础。